Senin, 30 Mei 2011

Queens’ Bedroom

The Queens' Bedroom in 2008, looking northeast (Architectural Digest)

From Office to Guest Suite

The Queens' Bedroom is a bedroom on the second floor of the White House, part of a suite of rooms that includes the Queens' Sitting Room and Queens' Bath. Named for the many royal guests it has hosted (including queens of the Netherlands, Greece, Norway, and Great Britain), this room is sometimes used by presidents to reward friends and political supporters. Between 1902 and 1963, it was known as the "Rose Room" and was used by Anna Roosevelt (daughter of Theodore Roosevelt) and Emily Carow (Mrs. Roosevelt's sister), among others.
The room has been furnished in Federal style since the Truman renovation. Traditionally, the bed thought to have belonged to Andrew Jackson is used here; it was donated around 1902 and first used in what is today the Lincoln Bedroom. Off an east doorway is a small sitting room used as an office until the West Wing was built. It is furnished in Federal style to match the bedroom.
 
Franklin Roosevelt to Winston Churchill (code-named "Former Naval Person") inviting him to the White House just days after the attack on Pearl Harbor. (NARA)
Before the 1902 renovation, it was the usual bedroom and office for presidential private secretaries, which meant many male relatives, including sons of presidents. When the president's staff was moved to the new West Wing, this room became a regular bedroom suite. When the White House was gutted and rebuilt during the Truman administration, this room was rebuilt expressly as a guest suite with its own bathroom.
This is the room where Winston Churchill stayed when he visited with Presidents Roosevelt and Truman before and after World War 2. Mamie Eisenhower felt that only queens and similar state guests should stay in the Queens' Bedroom, so she had her son John and his wife Barbara moved to another room. Jackie Kennedy considered taking the room for herself, but settled on the traditional master suite.
Adapted from America's First Families: Chapter 3, A Home Within a Symbol:
The bedroom suite now called the Queens' Suite, because several European queens stayed here, was called the Rose Suite after the 1902 renovation, and was often used by visiting relatives: Edith Roosevelt's sister Emily Carow; William Howard Taft's sister and brother-in-law, Frances and William Edwards; Coolidge's cousin's daughter Marion Pollard; Anna Roosevelt, FDR's daughter; and most "First Mothers," from Martha Truman to Virginia Clinton Kelley.
While the Kennedys' bedroom was being decorated their first weeks in the house, they lived here. Jackie Kennedy's redecoration of the connecting sitting room in blue and white has remained intact for nearly forty years. Lady Bird Johnson sometimes repaired here to work in complete privacy. It was also used for a Catholic mass on the first birthday of Luci Johnson Nugent's son Lyn, and served as a holding room for groom Chuck Robb before his White House wedding to Lynda Bird Johnson.

More Images

The Queens' Bedroom, circa 2000, looking northeast
The Queens' Bedroom, circa 2000, looking northeast
The Queens' Bedroom in 1999, looking north (White House Historical Association)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1992, looking north (HABS)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1992, looking southwest (HABS)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1991, looking northeast (White House Historical Association)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1991, looking northeast (White House Historical Association)
Mrs. Ford taking a phone call around 1975, looking north (Getty Images)
The Queens' Bedroom around 1965, looking north (Corbis - Conde Nast)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1963, looking northeast (White House Historical Association)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1962, looking northeast (White House Historical Association)
The Rose Bedroom in 1960 (Kennedy Library - Robert Knudsen)
The Rose Bedroom in 1960 (Kennedy Library - Robert Knudsen)
The Rose Bedroom in 1952, looking northwest
(note the addition of concealed closets on either side of the fireplace) (Truman Library)
The Queens' Bedroom in 1952, looking northeast (Truman Library)
The Rose Bedroom in 1947, looking northeast (Truman Library)
The Rose Bedroom in 1947, looking west (Truman Library)
The Rose Bedroom around 1923, looking southeast (Library of Congress - Harris & Ewing)
The Rose Bedroom around 1920, looking southeast (Library of Congress - Harris & Ewing)
Secretary (chief of staff) George Cortelyou at his desk in the McKinley White House offices in 1901
(White House Historical Association - Library of Congress)
White House office, circa 1898 (White House Visitors Center)
White House office, circa 1895 (Library of Congress - Frances Benjamin Johnston)
Employees of the White House offices, circa 1890, with shutters over the windows (Library of Congress - Frances Benjamin Johnston)

Laptop vs. Netbook

Question

Laptop vs. Netbook

Additional information

When looking for a portable computer, you'll likely encounter the option between purchasing a traditional laptop computer or a netbook computer. Below we've created a chart that will help compare the two, to give you the pros and cons of each and help make your purchase easier.

Answer

Topic LaptopNetbook
Cost A laptop will often have many more features than a netbook, and therefore cost more to manufacture. If cost is an important factor, a netbook may be a better choice.Netbooks are often very affordable since they're much smaller and have less components.
ProcessorAlthough there are cheap laptops, the processor that is included with most laptops will be a lot better than that often included in a netbook.The processor is one of the most expensive components in a computer. Therefore, to help reduce the overall cost, the processor is a low-end processor. This can cause a degraded experience when doing more intensive tasks such as watching movies or playing games.
Keyboard sizeWith the larger laptop comes a much larger keyboard, making it much easier to type on for users who plan on typing a lot.Because of their small sizes, netbooks have a much smaller keyboard. If you're planning on using this netbook to type a lot, make sure to play with it before buying it. Some users have an almost impossible time typing effectively on a netbook.
TransportBecause of its larger size, carrying around a laptop could be more of a burden for some users.With their much smaller sizes, netbooks are a lot easier to carry around. For females, these can often even be carried in a purse.
Screen sizeAgain a laptop is going to have a much larger screen size than a netbook. Making it much easier to read and view.Netbooks are much smaller making the screen much smaller if not connected to an external display. Like the keyboard, we highly recommend users look at the netbook and use it before buying it, to make sure it'll work if they plan on using it on the road.
Hard driveHard disk drives especially in cheaper laptops are often 5400 RPM hard disk drives and can be slow when it comes to opening a program or otherwise accessing the drive.To account for their size, netbooks use a SSD drive instead of a hard disk drive. Although these drives are often a lot smaller they're also much faster when it comes to accessing data.
Disc driveLike any traditional computer, almost all laptops made today will come with a disc drive capable of reading and even creating CD's and DVD's.Many netbooks will not have a CD-ROM / DVD disc drive. If you wanted to load something from a disc or play a movie or CD, it would not be possible, unless you connected an external drive to a USB port.
OSAlmost every laptop is capable of supporting any operating system. Which means you'll have the ability to run the latest version of Windows and will likely not have issues updating to a later version.Because many netbooks are stripped down to help lower the overall cost and power consumption, many netbooks are incapable of running the latest version of Windows, and will often come with an older version of Windows or a distro of Linux.

Additional information

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Burn-in: No burn-in Yes, burn-in is possible hide
Thickness: Minimum 1 inch Minimum 3 inches hide
Contrast Ratio (measure of the blackest black compared to the whitest white): Up to 15000:1 (not as good as Plasma) Up to 3000:1 (better than LCD) hide
Screen size: 13 - 57 inches 32 - 60 inches hide
Viewing angle: Up to 165° Up to 160° hide
Life span: 50,000 - 60,000 hours 25,000 to 30,000 hours hide
Weight: Less weight compared to similar size plasma TV Heavier hide
Performance at High Altitude: LCD TVs are not affected by high altitudes. High altitudes (above 6500 ft) can affect the performance of plasma TV displays because the gas held inside each pixel is stressed, and has to work harder to perform hide
Power consumption: Require less power to operate compared to plasma TVs Fairly power hungry hide
Screen Refresh Rate (affects quality of video): LCD TVs were originally designed for computer data displays, and not video. Refresh rates are therefore not as good. But LCD TVs are catching up fast. Plasma TV displays refresh and handle rapid movements in video about as well as normal CRT TVs hide
Running Temperature: Cooler than plasma TVs Hotter hide
Screen glare: Less glare compared to plasma TVs More glare hide
Brightness: Brighter than plasma Not as bright as LCD hide


LCD TV

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Comparison of Picture Quality

Plasma TVs have an edge over LCD TVs in terms of overall picture quality.

[edit] Contrast in LCD vs. Plasma TVs

Contrast ratio is a measure to compare the darkest black with the whitest white. Plasma TVs score well on this parameter with a contrast ratio of up to 3000:1. LCD TVs have a contrast ratio of up to 1000:1; however, this metric is calculated differently for LCDs so it's not an apples-to-apples comparison. Plasma TVs, in general, offer a better contrast than LCDs.

[edit] Burn-in

Older models of Plasma TVs can suffer from burn-in produced by static images. After extended periods, stationary images 'burn in' the screen and produce an after-image ghost which remains permanently on the screen.
LCD TVs do not suffer from burn-in. However, it is possible for individual pixels on an LCD screen to burn out. This causes small, visible, black or white dots to appear on the screen.

[edit] Deeper Blacks in Plasma TVs

Plasma TVs are capable of displaying deeper blacks. Improved black levels help render better those difficult-to-define quality attributes like picture depth, scene detail - especially in television and movie scenes where lots of dark and light content is shown simultaneously, and color richness. Indirectly, a better black level also leads to better rendering of picture contrast.
In comparison, the nature of LCD technology – where a backlight shines through the LCD layer – makes it hard for it to achieve true blacks, i.e. true absence of light. There is always some light leakage from adjacent picture elements in an LCD panel.

[edit] Color in Plasma vs. LCD screens

LCD TV displays reproduce colours by manipulating light waves and subtracting colours from white light. This makes it more difficult for maintaining colour accuracy and vibrancy. But, LCD TVs have colour information benefits from the higher-than-average number of pixels per square inch found in their displays.
In plasma TVs, each pixel contains red, green, and blue elements, which work in conjunction to create 16.77 million colours. Colour information is more accurately reproduced with plasma TV technology than it is with any other display technology, including LCD TVs.

[edit] Screen Refresh Rates for LCD vs Plasma

Plasma TV displays refresh and handle rapid movements in video about as well as normal CRT TVs. LCD TVs were originally designed for computer data displays, and not video. Refresh rates are therefore not as good. But LCD TVs are fast catching up.

[edit] LCD vs. Plasma - Other factors to consider

  • Pixel Response Time: Measured in milliseconds (ms). The lower the better.

[edit] Readiness for HDTV

Most LCD televisions already have built-in standard TV tuners (HDTV tuners must usually be added externally - but more are showing up as a standard feature). Usually, Plasmas are monitors-only and may require both external standard and HDTV tuners to receive television signals (although more are beginning to include either NTSC and/or HDTV tuners).

[edit] Differences in Life span

LCD TVs life span is typically 50,000-60,000 hours, which equates to about 6 years of 24/7 use. However, LCD TVs will actually last as long as its backlight does, and those bulbs can be replaced - so in essence there's nothing which can wear out.
The life span for Plasma TVs is 25,000 to 30,000 hours, which equates to about 3 years of 24/7 usage before the TV fades to half the original brightness.

[edit] Differences in Technology

Plasma displays uses a matrix of tiny gas plasma cells that are charged by precise electrical voltages to emit light and create the picture image. In other words, each picture element in a plasma TV display acts as a miniature light source.
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) panels - work by trapping a liquid crystal solution between two sheets of polarized glass. When an electric current passes through the liquid crystals, they rotate causing a change in the polarization of the light passing through them in response to the applied voltage. This results in more or less light passing through the polarized glass to reach the face of the display. LCD panels do not generate light - rather they filter or subtract light produced by a backlight source to create the image on the panel surface.

[edit] Mercury Use

Plasma TVs do not use Mercury while LCD TVs do in their CCFL backlight. However, this issue is a red herring. Most common high-efficieny phosphorescent lamps use mercury and it is not a big deal. The amount of mercury used in LCD TVs is very small and besides, the user never comes in contact with it.

[edit] Videos explaining the differences

Here are two videos that explain the differences between LCD and Plasma TVs.

[edit] Evolution of the LCD vs Plasma war

PC magazine reported in April 2009 that several manufacturers were moving away from producing Plasma TVs, even though it is a more superior technology. The article suggests that:
  • Plasma TV shipments in the first quarter are down 22 percent from last year, and few industry analysts think plasma will rebound.
  • Vizio, the number two flat-panel television vendor in the U.S., decided it was ending its plasma production to focus exclusively on LCD HDTVs.
  • For sets under 42 inches, LCD TVs have always had an edge in terms of price. Plasmas used to have a size advantage over LCD TVs, but now LCD owns the 40-to-42-inch sweet spot, dominates all sizes under 50 inches, and seems poised to compete even at 60 inches in 2009.
  • Plasma TVs have an advantage in the segment of massive 60-inch-or-larger HDTVs.

[edit] Where to buy

Most electronics retailers carry both LCD and Plasma TVs, including Best Buy, Amazon.com, Wal-Mart, Dell, Target, P.C. Richard & Son, Sears, Costco and hhgregg.com.

[edit] Related Articles

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[Add Comments] Comments: LCD TV vs Plasma TV

Comments on LCD TV vs. Plasma TV
LED backlighting, especially in the sub-pixel style, has rendered the contrast and Mercury issues moot. Newer LCDs will start using LEDs as either a complete CCFL replacement, reducing power even further and eliminating Mercury, or as a way of increasing color rendition and contrast by being scanned just as the LCD pixels are. The array of RGB LEDs behind the LCD share as few as 4 LCD pixels (a form of LED display of a slightly lower resolution than the LCD itself) so that darker parts of the scenes are illuminated less, increasing the contrast to as high as 10,000:1.
- by 67.163.178.158 on 2008-05-03 06:14:07

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